A Case Study of Students’ Participation and Knowledge Construction in Two Online Discussion Settings

Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2020     |     PP. 110-123      |     PDF (205 K)    |     Pub. Date: December 2, 2020
DOI:    197 Downloads     5627 Views  

Author(s)

Chen Guo, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA
Xiangdong Chen, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
Yanru Hou, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China

Abstract
Online discussions have become important educational activities through which collaborative learning and knowledge construction in online courses can be facilitated. This study is an empirical case study in which a group of graduate students’ participation and knowledge construction in two online discussion settings is explored and compared. We examine participants’ interactions by dividing their online discussion posts into four types and investigate their knowledge construction by coding and analyzing the discourse. Results reveal that the participants tended to create more words and contents in the audio or video posts than those in the text posts. Besides, although most of knowledge construction behaviors took place in the early phases, the participants involved in the process of knowledge construction more frequently when the discussions occurred in the VoiceThread platform.

Keywords
Participation, knowledge construction, online discussion board, VoiceThread.

Cite this paper
Chen Guo, Xiangdong Chen, Yanru Hou, A Case Study of Students’ Participation and Knowledge Construction in Two Online Discussion Settings , SCIREA Journal of Computer. Volume 5, Issue 5, October 2020 | PP. 110-123.

References

[ 1 ] Shea, P., Gozza-Cohen, M., Smith, S., Mehta, R., Valentinova V. A., Hayes, S., and Vickers, J. 2011. The community of inquiry framework meets the solo taxonomy: a process-product model of online learning. Educational Media International. 48, 2 (Jun. 2011), 101-113.
[ 2 ] Vygotsky, L. S. 1980. Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard university press, Boston, MA.
[ 3 ] Pea, R. D. 1993. Practices of distributed intelligence and designs for education. In G. Salomon Ed., Distributed cognitions: Psychological and educational considerations. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 47-87.
[ 4 ] De Smet, M., Van Keer, H., and Valcke, M. 2008. Blending asynchronous discussion groups and peer tutoring in higher education: an exploratory study of online peer tutoring behavior. Computers and Education. 50, 1 (Jan. 2008), 207-223.
[ 5 ] Tu, C., Blocher, M., and Gallagher, L. 2010. Asynchronous network discussions as organizational scaffold learning: threaded vs. flat-structured discussion boards. Journal of Educational Technology Development and Exchange. 3, 1 (Jun. 2010), 43-56.
[ 6 ] Skylar, A. 2009. A comparison of asynchronous online text-based lectures and synchronous interactive web conferencing lectures. Issues in Teacher Education. 18, 2 (Sept. 2009), 69-84.
[ 7 ] Hew, K. F., and Cheung, W. S. 2013. Audio-based versus text-based asynchronous online discussion: two case studies. Instructional Science. 41, 2 (Mar. 2013), 365-380.
[ 8 ] Borup, J., West, R. E., and Graham, C. R. 2012. Improving online social presence through asynchronous video. The Internet and Higher Education. 15, 3 (Jun. 2012), 195-203.
[ 9 ] Clark, C., Strudler, N., and Grove, K. 2015. Comparing asynchronous and synchronous video vs. text-based discussions in an online teacher education course. Online Learning. 19, 3 (Jun. 2015), 48-69.
[ 10 ] Wang, Q., and Woo, H. 2007. Comparing asynchronous online discussions and face-to-face discussions in a classroom setting. British Journal of Educational Technology. 38, 2 (Mar. 2007), 272-286.
[ 11 ] Hew, K. F. 2015. Student perceptions of peer versus instructor facilitation of asynchronous online discussions: Further findings from three cases. Instructional Science. 43, 1 (Jan. 2015), 19-38.
[ 12 ] Ligorio, M. B. 2001. Integrating communication formats: synchronous versus asynchronous and text-based versus visual. Computers & Education. 37, 2 (Sept. 2001), 103-125.
[ 13 ] Garrison, D. R., Anderson, T., and Archer, W. 1999. Critical inquiry in a text-based environment: Computer conferencing in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education. 2, 2-3 (Mar. 1999), 87−105.
[ 14 ] Yang, Y., Yeh, H., and Wong, W. 2010. The influence of social interaction on meaning construction in a virtual community. British Journal of Educational Technology. 41, 2 (Feb. 2010), 287–306.
[ 15 ] Rovai, A. P. 2001. Building classroom community at a distance: A case study. Educational Technology Research and Development. 49, 4 (Dec. 2001), 33-48.
[ 16 ] Balaji, M. S. and Chakrabarti, D. 2010. Student interactions in online discussion forum: Empirical research from ‘media richness theory’ perspective. Journal of Interactive Online Learning. 9, 1 (Mar. 2010), 1-18.
[ 17 ] Gao, F., Zhang, T., and Franklin, T. 2013. Designing asynchronous online discussion environments: Recent progress and possible future directions. British Journal of Educational Technology. 44, 3 (Jun. 2013), 469-483.
[ 18 ] Girasoli, A. J., and Hannafin, R. D. 2008. Using asynchronous AV communication tools to increase academic self-efficacy. Computers and Education. 51, 4 (Dec. 2008), 1676-1682.
[ 19 ] Shukor, N. A., Tasir, Z., Van der Meijden, H., and Harun, J. 2014. Exploring students' knowledge construction strategies in computer-supported collaborative learning discussions using sequential analysis. Journal of Educational Technology and Society. 17, 4 (Oct. 2014), 216-228.
[ 20 ] Greeno, J. G. 1997. On claims that answer the wrong questions. Educational researcher. 26, 1 (Jan. 1997), 5-17.
[ 21 ] Onrubia, J., and Engel, A. 2009. Strategies for collaborative writing and phases of knowledge construction in CSCL environments. Computers and Education. 53, 4 (Dec. 2009), 1256-1265.
[ 22 ] Schellens, T., Keer, H. V., and Valcke, M. 2005. The impact of role assignment on knowledge construction in asynchronous discussion groups. Small Group Research. 36, 6 (Dec. 2005), 704–745.
[ 23 ] Scardamalia, M. 2002. Collective cognitive responsibility for the advancement of knowledge. In B. Smith (Eds.), Liberal education in a knowledge society. Open Court, Chicago, IL, 76-98.
[ 24 ] Hou, H. T., Chang, K. E., & Sung, Y. T. 2008. Analysis of problem-solving based online asynchronous discussion pattern. Educational Technology & Society. 11, 1 (Jan. 2008), 17–28.
[ 25 ] Noy, N. F., Chugh, A., & Alani, H. 2008. The CKC challenge: exploring tools for collaborative knowledge construction. IEEE Intelligent Systems. 23, 1 (Feb. 2008), 64–68.
[ 26 ] Gunawardena, C., Lowe, C., and Anderson, T. 1997. Analysis of a global online debate and the development of an interaction analysis model for examining social construction of knowledge in computer conferencing. Journal of Educational Computing Research. 17, 4 (Dec. 1997), 261-269.
[ 27 ] Zhu, C. 2012. Student satisfaction, performance, and knowledge construction in online collaborative learning. Journal of Educational Technology and Society. 15, 1 (Jan. 2012), 127-136.
[ 28 ] Solomon, G. 1993. No distribution without individual’s cognition: a dynamic interactional view. In G. Solomon (Ed.), Distributed cognitions: Psychological and educational considerations. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, 111-138.
[ 29 ] Delmas, P. M. 2017. Using VoiceThread to create community in online learning. TechTrends. 61, 3 (Nov. 2017), 1-8.
[ 30 ] Fox, O. H. 2017. Using VoiceThread to promote collaborative learning in on-line clinical nurse leader courses. Journal of Professional Nursing. 33, 1 (Jan. 2017), 20-26.
[ 31 ] Hewitt, J. 2001. Beyond threaded discourse. International Journal of Educational Telecommunications. 7, 3 (Sept. 2001), 207-221.
[ 32 ] Marra, R. M., Moore, J. L., and Klimczak, A. K. 2004. Content analysis of online discussion forums: A comparative analysis of protocols. Educational Technology Research and Development. 52, 2 (Jun. 2004), 23-40.
[ 33 ] Bliss, C. A., and Lawrence, B. 2009. From posts to patterns: A metric to characterize discussion board activity in online courses. Journal of Asynchronous Learning Networks. 13, 2 (Aug. 2009), 15-32.
[ 34 ] Pinsk, R., Curran, M., Poirier, R., and Coulson, G. 2014. Student perceptions of the use of student-generated video in online discussions as a mechanism to establish social presence for nontraditional students: A case study. Issues in Information Systems. 15, 1 (Feb. 2014), 267-276.