Dipole and poleless magnetic fields

Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024     |     PP. 55-79      |     PDF (1809 K)    |     Pub. Date: March 5, 2024
DOI: 10.54647/physics140618    48 Downloads     183492 Views  

Author(s)

Nasko Elektronov, Central Laboratory of Applied Physics at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sankt Peterburg bul. 61, 4000, Plovdiv, Bulgaria

Abstract
This paper compares the magnetic fields of linearly moving charges with those of orbit ally moving charges. With simple qualitative experiments are shown the structure of the magnetic fields created by these movements. The concept of a pole less magnetic field is introduced, which is created by linear and inertial moving positive and negative charges as well as by currents in wires. A distinction is made between a dipole magnetic field and a poleless magnetic field. It is proved that the dipole magnetic field is not homogeneous, but is a sum of two magnetic fields that are mutually opposite in electrical and force properties. The poleless magnetic field is only one part of the dipole magnetic field. It is the main magnetic field and reason for existence of the dipole magnetic field. It has nothing to do with the concept of a magnetic monopoly.

Keywords
Permanent magnets, electromagnets, magnetic field, magnetic poles, magnetic lines of force, magnetic induction, magnetic induction vector, electric field, electric current, movement of charges, poleless magnetic field, dipole magnetic field.

Cite this paper
Nasko Elektronov, Dipole and poleless magnetic fields , SCIREA Journal of Physics. Volume 9, Issue 2, April 2024 | PP. 55-79. 10.54647/physics140618

References

[ 1 ] Meyer-Vernet, Nicole (2007). Basics of the Solar Wind. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-81420-1.
[ 2 ] Durham, Ian T. (2006). "Rethinking the History of Solar Wind Studies: Eddington's Analysis of Comet Morehouse". Notes and Records of the Royal Society. Vol. 60. pp. 261–270.
[ 3 ] Zirker, J. B. (1977), Coronal holes and high?speed wind streams, Reviews of Geophysics, 15(3), 257–269
[ 4 ] K.S. Krane (1988). Introductory Nuclear Physics. John Wiley & Sons Inc. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-471-80553-3.
[ 5 ] Patel, S.B. (2000). Nuclear physics: an introduction. New Delhi: New Age International. pp. 62–72. ISBN 978-81-224-0125-7.
[ 6 ] Curtis, L.J. (2003). Atomic Structure and Lifetimes: A Conceptual Approach. Cambridge University Press. p. 74. ISBN 0-521-53635-9.
[ 7 ] Griffiths, David J. (2005). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (Second ed.). Pearson Education. p. 185. ISBN 978-81-7758-230-7.
[ 8 ] Kamerlingh Onnes H. The imitation of an Ampere molecular current of a permanent magnet by means of a supra-conductor // Leid. comm. 1914. N 140b, c.
[ 9 ] ???????? ?., ???? ?. ??. ????????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? // ????. ????. ??. ?.: ?????, 1966. ?. 3. ?. 363-379.
[ 10 ] ???????? ?. ??????? ??????????? ??? ?????????????? ???????????? ????? ?????? // ????. ????. ??. ?.: ?????, 1966. ?. 3.. ?. 382-385.
[ 11 ] Maxwell J. C. A dynamical theory of the electromagnetic field // Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. — 1865. — ?. 155. — ?. 459—512.
[ 12 ] Maxwell J. C., A Treatise on Electricity And Magnetism — Volume 1 — 1873 — Posner Memorial Collection — Carnegie Mellon University
[ 13 ] Maxwell J. C. On Faraday's Lines of Force // Transactions of the Cambridge Philosophical Society. — 1856. — ?. 10, ? 1. — ?. 155—229.
[ 14 ] Jackson, John David (1999). Classical Electrodynamics (3rd ed. Wiley. p. 238. ISBN 0-471-30932-X.
[ 15 ] Electromagnetism (2nd Edition), I.S. Grant, W.R. Phillips, Manchester Physics, John Wiley & Sons, 2008, ISBN 978-0-471-92712-9
[ 16 ] Cohen, Morris R.; Drabkin, I. E., eds. (1958). A Source Book in Greek Science. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 220.
[ 17 ] ^ Pines, Shlomo (1970). "Abu'l-Barak?t al-Baghd?d? , Hibat Allah". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 1. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 26–28. ISBN 0-684-10114-9.
[ 18 ] Fausto Fiorillo, Measurement and Characterization of Magnetic Materials, Academic Press, 2005, ISBN 9780122572517
[ 19 ] Tipler, Paul A. (January 1976). Physics. New York, NY: Worth Publishers, Inc. p. 803. ISBN 978-0-87901-041-6.
[ 20 ] ^ Stewart, Joseph V. (2001). Intermediate electromagnetic theory. Singapore River Edge, NJ: World Scientific. p. 389. ISBN 978-981-02-4470-5. OCLC 47127179.
[ 21 ] Purcell, Edward; Morin, David (2013). Electricity and Magnetism (3rd ed.). New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-1-107-01402-2.
[ 22 ] ^ Browne, Michael (2008). Physics for Engineering and Science (2nd ed.). McGraw-Hill/Schaum. p. 235. ISBN 978-0-07-161399-6.
[ 23 ] Schmitt, R. (2002). Electromagnetics Explained. Newnes. p. 75. ISBN 978-0750674034.
[ 24 ] ^ Whelan, P. M.; Hodgeson, M. J. (1978). Essential Principles of Physics (2nd ed.). John Murray. ISBN 0-7195-3382-1.
[ 25 ] Davies, Brian (1980). "A web of naked fancies?". Physics Education. 15 (1): 57–61. Bibcode:1980PhyEd..15...57D. doi:10.1088/0031-9120/15/1/314. S2CID 250832899.
[ 26 ] Nilsson, James William & Riedel, Susan A. (2008). Electric circuits. Prentice Hall. p. 29. ISBN 978-0-13-198925-2.
[ 27 ] Whittaker, E. T. (1910). A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity. Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-26126-3.
[ 28 ] ^ Williams, L. Pearce (1974). Gillespie, C. C. (ed.). Oersted, Hans Christian. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 185. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)
[ 29 ] ^ Blundell, Stephen J. (2012). Magnetism: A Very Short Introduction. OUP Oxford. p. 31. ISBN 9780191633720.
[ 30 ] Enderby JE, Neilson GW (1 June 1981). "The structure of electrolyte solutions". Reports on Progress in Physics. 44 (6): 593–653. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/44/6/001. ISSN 0034-4885. 
[ 31 ] Lide, D.R.; et al., eds. (2004). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (84th ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. ISBN 978-0-8493-0484-2.
[ 32 ] Thornton, Stephen T.; Marion, Jerry B. (2004). Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems (5th ed.). Brooke Cole. p. 49. ISBN 0-534-40896-6.
[ 33 ] Raouafi, Nour E.; et al., (2023-03-01). "Magnetic Reconnection as the Driver of the Solar Wind".The Astrophysical Journal.  945 (1):28.  Girvin, Steven M.; Yang, Kun (2019). Modern Condensed Matter Physics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-107-13739-4
[ 34 ] "High conductivity coppers (electrical)". Copper Development Association (U.K.). Archived from the original on 2013-07-20. Retrieved 2013-06-01.
[ 35 ] Balanis, Constantine A. (2012), Engineering Electromagnetics (2nd ed.), Wiley, ISBN 978-0-470-58948-9
[ 36 ] ^ Harrington, Roger F. (1961), Time-Harmonic Electromagnetic Fields, McGraw-Hill, ISBN 0-07-026745-6
[ 37 ] Lakhtakia, Akhlesh; Salpeter, Edwin E. (1996). "Models and Modelers of Hydrogen". American Journal of Physics. 65 (9): 933. Bibcode:1997AmJPh..65..933L. doi:10.1119/1.18691.
[ 38 ] CODATA Value: fine-structure constant". The NIST Reference on Constants, Units, and Uncertainty. US National Institute of Standards and Technology. June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-23.
[ 39 ] https://www.bookofthrees.com/three-types-of-radiation/
[ 40 ] ??????????, ?. ??????????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?????????, ?????????, 2010, ISBN989-326-122-2