Abstract
Bismuth (Bi) is one of the minor metals and is used in semiconductors and water pipes as a substitute for lead. However, the Bi concentration in the soil has not been investigated. Furthermore, Bi has no environmental quality standard in Japan. We previously reported on Bi phytotoxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana. However, the effects of Bi on vegetative plants have not been studied.
In this study, we investigated the effects of Bi on the growth of Solanum lycopersicum, in particular Fe accumulation and phytotoxicity in the roots. Seeds were soaked in various concentrations of Bi including agar medium. After 2 weeks of incubation, root elongation and shoot growth were significantly inhibited by >3 μM Bi. It suggested that Bi has high toxicity in tomato. Bi accumulation in the shoot was related to its concentration in the medium, whereas the concentration in the root was saturated at >3 μM Bi treatment. Bi exposure increased Fe accumulation in the root. Furthermore, Fe concentration showed an inverse relationship in the shoot and root. In the split-root experiment, the Bi-treated roots were not observed viability in the liquid medium. The non-Bi-treated roots showed an increased viability as compared to the Bi-treated root. It suggested that Bi has local toxicity in the root.

Keywords
Solanum lycopersicum, Tomato, Bismuth, Iron, Cell death.

Cite this paper
Takeshi Nagata, Satsuki Kimoto, Growth inhibition and root damage of bismuth in Solanum lycopersicum , SCIREA Journal of Biology. Volume 5, Issue 4, August 2020 | PP. 72-86.

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